Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yamaganye amakuru ayishinja gukora ibikorwa by’ubutasi yifashishije Porogaramu yitwa “Pegasus” yakorewe muri Israel mu kuneka abayobozi ba Uganda n’abandi batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwayo. Inkuru y’uko hari ibihugu bikoresha iyi porogaramu mu butasi yatangiye gukwira Isi yose muri iki Cyumweru itangajwe bwa mbere na Washington Post n’ibindi binyamakuru 16 byihurije hamwe, aho bivugwa ko hari nimero ibihumbi 50 zishobora kwinjirirwa.
U Rwanda rushyirwa mu majwi mu bihugu bikoresha iyo porogaramu cyo kimwe n’ibindi 10 birimo Mexique, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Hongrie, Togo, Maroc, u Buhinde, Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu, Bahrain na Arabie Saoudite. Bivugwa ko ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda hari abantu 3500 telefoni zabo zishobora kumvirizwa hakoreshejwe iyi porogaramu.
Iyi nkuru ikimara kujya hanze, itangazamakuru ryo muri Uganda ryahise riyisamira hejuru, maze ryandika ko u Rwanda rwifashisha iyo porogaramu mu kumviriza uwahoze ari Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo, Gen David Muhoozi, uwahoze ari Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Sam Kuteesa n’uwahoze ari Minisitiri w’Intebe, Ruhakana Rugunda. Undi muntu uvugwa ni Joseph Ochwet ukuriye ubutasi bwo hanze y’igihugu.
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yavuze ko ibi birego ari ibinyoma bigamije guhagarika u Rwanda no guteza urujijo mu baturarwanda.
Ubutumwa bwa Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga akaba n’Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma, Dr Vincent Biruta, bwohererejwe IGIHE ubwo yabazaga icyo u Rwanda ruvuga kuri ibi birego bugira buti “ U Rwanda ntabwo rukoresha iyo porogaramu nkuko byatangajwe guhera mu Ugushyingo 2019, nta nubwo rufite ubwo bushobozi cyangwa iryo koranabuhanga.”
Bukomeza bugira buti “Ibi birego ni ibinyoma bigamije guharabika u Rwanda mu ruhando mpuzamahanga ndetse no guteza urujijo mu baturarwanda.”
Mu 2019 nabwo u Rwanda rwari rwamaganye ibi birego. Icyo gihe hari nyuma y’aho Facebook Inc – ifite urubuga rwa WhatsApp ireze Ikigo NSO Group cyo muri Israel, igishinja gukoresha icyakwitwa nka virusi ya Pegasus, yinjizwa muri telefoni z’abantu batabizi ikajya itanga amakuru yabo. Byavuzwe ko hibasirwa abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi n’impirimbanyi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Mu kiganiro Umukuru w’Igihugu yagiranye n’abanyamakuru mu 2019, yavuze ko ibijyanye no kuneka umwanzi warwo u Rwanda ruzabikomeza, ariko rudashobora gukoresha amafaranga mu kwifashisha uburyo budakwiye.
Ati “Ku bwacu, kumenya abanzi bacu n’ibyo bakora aho bari hose, ni ikintu twakomeje kugerageza kandi kiri mu burenganzira bwacu nk’uko kiri mu burenganzira bw’ikindi gihugu cyose uzi ku Isi. Yego hari amategeko agenga ibi dukora, ariko hari byinshi bikorwa mu ibanga kurusha n’ibibera ahabona.”
Yavuze ko iri koranabuhanga rivugwa ko u Rwanda rukoresha, afite amakuru ko rihenda kandi ubushobozi u Rwanda rufite ari ubwo gukemura ibibazo byihutirwa, kurusha kuyatanga ku muntu cyangwa ikibazo kidahari.
Ati “Hari umuntu nabonye bakoresheje ngo twakurikiranye uba mu Bwongereza. Namubonye ku ifoto bwa mbere, ntabwo nsanzwe muzi. Ntabwo natanze ayo mafaranga iryo koranabuhanga rigura mu gukurikirana umuntu udafite icyo adutwaye. Umuntu urwanira mu Bwongereza? Oya, njye mpangayikisha n’aba baza mu Kinigi bakica abantu, nibo bampangayikisha ariko uwo wundi utunzwe na Guverinoma y’u Bwongereza, nta kazi afite, nta shingiro bifite.”
Perezida Kagame yavuze ko nta mpamvu ihari yatuma igihugu gitanga amafaranga y’umurengera ngo kiraneka umuntu, ku buryo amadolari make rufite ruyakoresha mu nzego nk’uburezi.
Yakomeje ati “Ariko dukora iperereza kandi tuzakomeza kurikora, niko ibihugu bikora, ntabwo ntekereza ko u Rwanda ari rwo rwasigara.”
“Ni ko tumenya ibintu, dufite amakuru menshi ku banzi bacu ndetse n’ababafasha abanzi bacu, tubiziho byinshi ariko dukoresha ubushobozi bw’umuntu kandi ibyo tubifitiye ubumenyi bukomeye niba mutanabizi.”
Iri koranabuhanga rikora rite? Ese rigura angahe?
Iri koranabuhanga bivugwa ko iyo rihujwe na nimero y’umuntu runaka, rihita ryibasira telefoni ye binyuze kuri WhatsApp n’izindi mbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa se mu gisa na “missed calls”.
Rishobora guha urikoresha password za nyiri telefoni, rikamufasha gusoma ubutumwa bwe no kumva ibyo avugana n’abandi.
Ikindi ni uko rishobora kwifashisha GPS rikerekana aho nyiri telefoni ari. Bivugwa ko rishobora kubona amakuru yo kuri telefoni z’ubwoko ubundi bizwi ko bwizewe ku mutekano nka iPhone cyangwa zikareba n’ubutumwa bwo kuri application zizwiho kuba zizewe kurusha izindi nka Signal.
Ku muntu ufite telefoni ikoresha camera, iri koranabuhanga rishobora gutuma yifungura ku buryo umuntu uri kurikoresha ashobora kubona amashusho y’aho nyirayo ari.
Pegasus igurishwa igihugu cyangwa imiryango itegamiye kuri leta. Mu kuyikoresha hagurwa uburenganzira (license). Bivugwa ko igiciro kizwi n’umuguzi n’ugurisha, gusa ngo license imwe ishobora kugura miliyoni 100 Frw.
Mu 2016, byavugwaga ko NSO Group yishyuzaga ibihumbi 650 $ [asaga miliyoni 650 Frw] kuri telefoni cyangwa se mudasobwa 10. Gusa mbere habanza kwishyurwa ibihumbi 500 $ (miliyoni zirenga 500 Frw) yo gushyira (installation) iyo porogaramu muri mudasobwa.
NSO Group ni kimwe mu bigo bivugwa ko bicuruza Pegasus