Kimwe mu bintu bikunze kwitabwaho iyo umuntu agiye kugura telefone, harimo no kumenya igihe iyo telefone ishobora kubika umuriro. Kubika umuriro igihe kirekire biterwa n’ubushobozi bw’imbikamuriro (batterie) yayo, kuko ni yo ituma telefone ibasha gukora, bityo mu gihe yashizemo umuriro nayo nta kindi wayikoresha.
Si telefone gusa ikenera batterie kugira ngo ibashe gukora, hari n’ibindi bikoresho byinshi ndetse muri iki gihe bitangiye kwiyongeraho n’imodoka cyangwa moto zikoresha amashanyarazi zatangiye no kugera ku isoko ryo mu Rwanda.
Birumvikana ko batterie ari igikoresho cy’ingenzi gifashe runini mu bikoresho dukenera mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, cyane ko hari n’abafite “batterie” zitanga ingufu z’amashanyarazi, bakaba ari zo bifashisha bacana cyangwa bakora ibindi bikorwa bikenera amashanyarazi.
Niba udakoresha kimwe muri ibyo bikoresho ushobora kuba wenda wambaye isaha, cyangwa se ukaba ufite “telecommande” cyangwa radio, byose bijyamo amabuye, imashini ukoresha irimo “batterie”, hari n’ibindi byinshi, byose twashyira mu rwego rwa “batterie”.
Ibyo bikoresho nkenerwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi bikorwa hifashishijwe amabuye y’agaciro ya “Lithium”, niyo avamo “batterie” zikoresha ingufu za “Lithium” nyine, ari nayo ibyo bikoresho byose bikoresha.
“Lithium” ni imari ishyushye ku Isi muri rusange, kuko atari ibihugu byinshi biyifite mu butaka bwayo, usanga uko iminsi itambuka igenda inarushaho kongera agaciro, kuko ikenewe cyane kuko yifashishwa mu gukora “batterie” z’ibikoresho byinshi bikenerwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi, kandi ikaba itaboneka henshi.
Ibihugu byayivumbuye kare, ubu byatangiye kuyivomamo agatubutse, kuko ni amwe mu mabuye y’agaciro nkenerwa cyane mu iyi minsi, mu bihugu biza imbere mu kugira “Lithium” nyinshi ku Isi harimo Australie, Chile, u Bushinwa, Argentine, Zimbabwe na Portugal.
Kuri ubu u Rwanda narwo rwamenye iby’iryo banga ndetse mu bushakashatsi bwagiye bukorwa, bwagaragaje ko mu bice bitandukanye byo mu gihugu hashobora kuboneka “Lithium” ndetse ishobora no gutangira gucukurwa hamwe na hamwe.
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubucukuzi bw’Amabuye y’Agaciro (RMB), Gatare Francis, yahamirije IGIHE ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekanye ko mu Rwanda hari ahantu henshi haboneka “Lithium”, ndetse ko hari n’aho iri ku kigero cy’uko ishobora no gutangira gucukurwa.
Ati “Lithium irahari yarabonetse henshi, turakomeza kuyikorera ubushakashatsi kugira ngo noneho nimara kuboneka aho igwiriye izashobore gucukurwa ku buryo bwongera umusaruro.”
Yongeyeho ati “[Aho imaze kugaragara] ni henshi, hari no kugaragara ku buryo ishobora gucukurwa, mu karere ka Muhanga, Ngororero mu bice bya za Gatumba, Iburasirazuba za Rwamagana ndetse na Bugesera, hose yagiye ihagaragara igisigaye ni ukuvuga ngo ingana iki? Ni nyinshi bingana iki? Ni nziza mu buhe bwoko?”
Gatare kandi yakomeje avuga ko amabuye y’agaciro ya Lithium ari amabuye afite agaciro gafatika cyane ku isoko mpuzamahanga, ukurikije icyerekezo ibihugu byinshi biri kuganamo.
Ati “Lithium ni amabuye y’agaciro afite agaciro gakomeje cyane uyu munsi ku isoko mpuzamahanga, iyo urebye icyerekezo ibihugu byose birimo kuganamo cyane cyane gukoresha ama- batterie yaba ari mu modoka cyangwa mu mashanyarazi.”
Yongeyeho ati “Ni ukwitondera rero uburyo icukurwa n’uburyo itunganywa, kugira ngo ako gaciro katazatakara mu gihe hirya no hino ku isi bahagurukiye gushaka aho bayikura.”
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa RMB, yavuze ko kuri ubu bari gushaka abashoramari bafatanya kugira ngo ubucukuzi bwayo bukorwe mu buryo bubyara umusaruro yitezweho.
Ati “Bisaba ishoramari ariko hari inzego, bitangirana n’ubushakashatsi noneho ukabona gucukura, ariko ugomba gucukura uzi n’aho uzayitunganyiriza. Turimo rero gushaka abashoramari twaganira na bo bafite ubwo bumenyi n’ubushobozi twashobora gufatanya kugira ngo igihe uburenganzira bwo kuyicukura bwatanzwe habe hari n’uruganda rwashyizweho rwo kuyitunganya.”
Yavuze ko kugeza ubu n’ubwo hari henshi imaze kugaragara ndetse biboneka ko yatangira no gucukurwa, ngo nta muntu urahabwa uburenganzira bwo kuyicukura mu gihe hakigwa k’uburyo bizakorwamo bugatanga umusaruro.
Ati “Ntabwo twari twagera kuri urwo rwego niyo mpamvu kugeza uyu munsi nta muntu turaha uburenganzira bwo kuyicukura, kugeza igihe izo ngamba zo kuyitunganya no kuyicuruza zashyizwe mu bikorwa.”
Uretse “Lithium” byamaze kwemezwa ko mu Rwanda ihari ndetse yanatangira gucukurwa, hari andi mabuye y’agaciro nayo bitaremezwa neza ko yaba ahari, nabyo bisaba ubushakashatsi kuko nayo akenewe ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Ayo arimo nka “Uranium” yifashishwa cyane mu gutunganya ingufu za nucléaire, cyane ko u Rwanda ruherutse gusinyana amasezerano n’u Burusiya yo gutangiza ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi n’ikoranabuhanga mu bumenyi bujyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu za nucléaire, no kubaka uruganda rutunganya ingufu za nucléaire mu Rwanda.
Ayo masezerano avuga ko izi ngufu zazifashishwa mu bikorwa bya gisivili birimo iby’ubuvuzi nko kuvura indwara za kanseri hifashishijwe uburyo bwo kuyishiririza (radiothérapie), zikifashishwa kandi mu gutanga amashanyarazi, mu bijyane n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.
Gatare yavuze ko hakiri intambwe yo kuba mu Rwanda hashobora gucurwa “Uranium” mu, ari avuga ko ishobora kuboneka nke ikurwa mu mabuye asanzwe acukurwa.
Yagize ati “Amabuye y’agaciro akomoka mu Rwanda, yaba ari Gasegereti, yaba ari Coltan, yaba ari Wolfram, akunze kuba arimo “radiation” ya “uranium” ariko na “thorium”.”
Yongeyeho ati “Nibyo rero mu Rwanda yaba uranium irahari, yaba thorium irahari, ariko ntabwo yari yakorerwa ubushakashatsi ngo umenye ngo iki ni ikirombe cyayo uyishatse wajya kuyicukura hariya.”
N’ubwo bimeze bityo, Gatare yavuze ko hari uburyo ibonekamo ivuye muri ayo mabuye asanzwe acukurwa, ariko ko idahagije, gusa ngo hari icyizere ko ishakishijwe ishobora kuboneka.
Ati “Cyakora abagura gasegereti mu Rwanda, abagura coltan mu Rwanda, bibasaba y’uko bagomba kubanza kuyiyungurura bakanayikuramo n’iyo uranium, n’ubwo aba atari nyinshi yakoreshwa mu ruganda, cyakora uwazayishaka bakayikorera ubushakashatsi, ndizera y’uko yaboneka.”
Gusa nk’uko Gatare yakomeje abivuga, ngo kuri ubu nta bushakashatsi burakorwa cyangwa buri gukorwa bugambiriye gushaka “Uranium” mu Rwanda.
Kuri ubu, mu Rwanda ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro nibwo buza ku isonga mu byinjiza amafaranga akomoka mu bicuruzwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga, uyu mwaka wa 2020 biteganyijwe ko azinjizwa avuye mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro agera kuri miliyari 500 Frw.
