Kabuga ntagikurikiranyweho kwinjiza mu gihugu imihoro yakoreshejwe muri Jenoside; byagenze bite? Kabuga Félicien ufatwa nk’umuterankunga mukuru wa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ari mu maboko y’ubutabera bwa IRMCT bugomba kumuburanisha ku byaha akekwaho. Gusa mu birego byari bisanzwe bizwi, hari kimwe cyavuyemo cyo kwinjiza mu gihugu imihoro yakoreshejwe mu kwica Abatutsi.
Urubanza rw’uyu mugabo ntiruratangira mu mizi, byitezwe ko icyo cyiciro gishobora kugerwaho mu mpera za 2021, ubu ikiri gukorwa ni ugukusanya ibimenyetso byose, abatangabuhamya n’ibindi bikenewe.
Uyu mugabo agiye kumara umwaka atawe muri yombi nyuma y’indi irenga 20 yihisha hirya no hino ku Isi. Bwa mbere hashyirwaho impapuro zisaba itabwa muri yombi rye, kimwe mu byaha yashinjwaga cyari icyo kwinjiza mu gihugu imihoro yifashishijwe mu kwica Abatutsi basaga miliyoni imwe.
Bivugwa ko mu Ugushyingo 1993, Kabuga wari umucuruzi kabombo yinjije mu Rwanda imihoro. Icyo gihe sosiyete ye yinjije mu gihugu toni 25 z’imihoro ivuye mu Bushinwa, nyuma muri Werurwe 1994 agura indi ibihumbi 50.
Iduka ry’imihoro ryari iry’umukobwa wa Kabuga?
Ingingo ijyanye n’iyi mihoro yakunze kuvugwaho byinshi, abarokotse Jenoside n’uyu munsi bemeza ko ariyo yakoreshejwe mu kwica Abatutsi kandi ko aricyo yari yarinjirijwe mu gihugu. Mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka, mu kinyamakuru GQ Magazine hasohotsemo inkuru iva imuzi urugendo rwo guhiga Kabuga ndetse imihoro na none igarukwaho n’umwe mu bana be.
Dafroza Gauthier, umwe mu baharanira uburenganzira bw’abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, yavuzemo uburyo umunsi umwe yari yitabiriye urubanza rwa Kabuga i Paris akaza kuhahurira n’umukobwa we umwe witwa Winnie Musabeyezu.
Ngo yaramubwiye ati “Ndi Umukobwa wa Kabuga, nakubaza ikibazo?”. Undi ati “cyane rwose”.
Ati “Uratekereza mu by’ukuri ko data ashobora kuba yarakoze ibintu ashinjwa?” Undi ngo yaramusubije ati “Umva, ntabwo ndi umucamanza.”
Winnie ngo yahise amubwira ati “Uziko ari njye wari ufite iduka i Kigali ryacuruzaga imihoro?” Ngo yakomeje avuga ko ubwo bucuruzi bwari bugenewe ibikorwa bijyanye n’ubuhinzi aho kuba ubwicanyi, ko inkuru z’uko Kabuga yakwirakwije imihoro ku Nterahamwe mbere y’ubwicanyi atari ukuri.
Yakomeje agira ati “Ndakurahiye, nta muhoro n’umwe w’ubuntu nigeze ntanga.”
Inyandiko y’ibirego ku mihoro yakunze guhinduka
Mu nyandiko y’ibirego bya Kabuga yo ku wa 22 Kanama 1998, uwari Umushinjacyaha wungirije w’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, ICTR, Umunya-Cameroon, Bernard Muna, yanditsemo ko “kuva mu 1992, Félicien Kabuga binyuze muri sosiyete ye ETS Kabuga yaguze imihoro myinshi, amasuka n’ibindi bikoresho byifashishwa mu buhinzi azi neza ko bishobora kuba intwaro mu gihe cy’ubwicanyi”.
Mu Ukwakira 2004, inyandiko y’ibirego yaje guhindurwa n’Umushinjacyaha wa ICTR, Hassan Bubacar Jallow. Icyo gihe yavugaga iti “Félicien Kabuga yategetse abakozi ba Sosiyete ye Kabuga ETS kwinjiza imihoro myinshi mu Rwanda mu 1993. Muri Mata 1994, yategetse Interahamwe yari afiteho ububasha gutwara imihoro n’izindi ntwaro ku Gisenyi no kuyikwirakwiza cyo kimwe n’izindi ntwaro ku Nterahamwe zo muri Gisenyi”.
Iyo nyandiko ikomeza ivuga ko Interahamwe zakoresheje iyo mihoro hagati y’itariki ya 7 Mata na 17 Kamena 1994 mu gutsemba abaturage b’ubwoko bw’Abatutsi. Binyuze mu gutumiza imihoro no kuyikwirakwiza, iyi nyandiko yavugaga ko “Kabuga yafashije kandi yashishikarije ubwicanyi bwakozwe n’Interahamwe”.
Muri Mata 2011 nabwo hongeye gukorwa impinduka mu birego bya Kabuga kuri iyi ngingo y’imihoro, aho Jallow noneho yanditse ko muri Mata 1994 Félicien Kabuga yategetse Interahamwe yagenzuraga gutwara imihoro no kuyikwirakwiza i Gisenyi, zikayikwirakwiza ku zo muri ako gace hagati ya tariki 3 Mata n’iya 7 Mata 1994.
Ati “Izo Nterahamwe zakoresheje izo ntwaro n’imihoro i Gisenyi hagati ya tariki ya 7 Mata n’iya 17 Nyakanga 1994 mu gutsemba no kwica Abatutsi bo muri Komine Rouge no mu bindi bice byo muri Perefegitura ya Gisenyi”.
Kabuga ntagikurikiranyweho kwinjiza imihoro mu gihugu ku bwa Jenoside
Ubwo Kabuga yari amaze gutabwa muri yombi, Ubushinjacyaha bwasubiye inyuma bureba neza imiterere y’ibirego bye, bwongera kuvugisha abatangabuhamya dore ko hari hashize imyaka 20 inyandiko z’ibirego bye zikozwe nubwo zagendaga zivugururwa uko ibimenyetso bishya byabonekaga.
Umushinjacyaha Mukuru w’Urwego rwasigariyeho Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, IRMCT, Serge Brammertz, aherutse gutangaza ko ibimenyetso byose byakoreshwaga mu gukora inyandiko zisaba itabwa muri yombi rya Kabuga zari zimaze igihe, ati “rero byasabye ko dusubira inyuma tureba abatangabuhamya b’icyo gihe, tureba abahari”.
Icyo gikorwa cyakozwe guhera muri Nzeri umwaka ushize, ibyavuyemo nibyo byashyikirijwe urukiko tariki ya 15 Mutarama byemezwa n’Umucamanza ku wa 24 Gashyantare. Ibirego byo kwinjiza mu gihugu imihoro mu mugambi wa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi byakuwemo burundu, gusa ibyo gutwara no gukwirakwiza imihoro mu bice bitandukanye bya Kigali no mu zindi perefegitura nka Gisenyi na Kibuye byo bigumishwamo.
Ntabwo higeze hasobanurwa impamvu Kabuga adakurikiranyweho kwinjiza mu gihugu imihoro nk’uko inyandiko zindi z’ibirego zabivugaga. Justice Info yanditse ko ibiro bya Brammertz bitigeze bigira ibisobanuro bitanga kuri iyi ngingo.
Hari indi mihoro yinjiye mu gihugu
Ku rundi Stephen Rapp, Umunyamerika wahoze akurikiye ubushinjacyaha bwa ICTR, yatangarije Justice Info ko hari ibimenyetso bindi bigaragaza hari indi mihoro yaguzwe na sosiyete itandukanye n’iya Kabuga aho ngo yari yaguzwe nk’igikoresho cyo kwifashisha mu buhinzi mu Rwanda no muri Zaire.
Ati “Twari dufite ibimenyetso by’imihoro myinshi yaguzwe na Sosiyete ya Kabuga iyikuye mu Bushinwa ikinjizwa mu Rwanda inyujijwe i Mombasa mu 1993. Imbogamizi yari ukwerekana ko iyi mihoro yakwirakwijwe ku bicanyi igakoreshwa muri Jenoside. Hari irindi sano kandi ry’imihoro myinshi yatumijwe icyo gihe n’indi sosiyete itandukanye, kandi hari hakenewe cyane “ibyo bikoresho” mu buhinzi mu Rwanda no muri Zaire.”
Kabuga aregwa icyaha cya jenoside, kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside, guhamagarira abantu ku mugaragaro kandi mu buryo butaziguye gukora jenoside, ubwinjiracyaha bwa jenoside, ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, itoteza n’itsembatsemba nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu byakorewe mu Rwanda mu 1994.
Mu nyandiko y’ibirego havugwa ko Kabuga, afatanyije n’abandi bantu, yakoresheje radiyo RTLM mu buryo bugamije gushimangira urwango rushingiye ku moko hagati y’Abahutu n’Abatutsi no gusakaza ubutumwa burwanya Abatutsi.
Bivugwa kandi ko Kabuga yategetse, yafashije akanoshya Interahamwe zagize uruhare mu kwica no kugirira nabi Abatutsi muri Kigali, Kibuye na Gisenyi.
Byongeye kandi, bivugwa ko, afatanyije n’abandi bantu, Kabuga yashyizeho ikigega cyo kurengera igihugu hagamijwe gukusanya amafaranga yo gushyigikira, mu rwego rw’imari n’ibikoresho, ibikorwa by’Interahamwe byo kwica no kugirira nabi Abatutsi n’ibindi.
