Ingabo z’u Rwanda muri Mozambique zatangiye kurasana n’abarwanyi zagiye guhashya muri icyo gihugu, gusa koherezayo izi ngabo ni inkuru yagarutsweho cyane itavugwaho rumwe.
Ku mbuga nkoranyambaga hari abagaragaje ko ari intambwe nziza mu gutabarana no kwishakamo ibisubizo ku bihugu bya Africa.
Ku rundi ruhande hari abavuga ko iki gikorwa cyakozwe mu buryo budaciye mu mucyo kuko hari ibibazo bitabanje gusubizwa.
Leta yavuze ko abapolisi n’abasirikare 1000 b’u Rwanda bagiyeyo ku busabe bwa Mozambique hanashingiwe “ku masezerano menshi” iyi leta yagiranye n’iya Mozambique mu 2018.
Mu kwezi kwa karindwi 2018 mu ruzinduko rwa Perezida Filipe Nyusi i Kigali, leta zombi zasinye amasezerano y’ubufatanye, mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru abategetsi bavuze ko ari amasezerano atanu.
Ayo ni; koroherezanya mu bucuruzi n’ishoramari, ingendo z’indege, ibijyanye na ‘visas’ z’abadipolomate, guhana ubumenyi muri siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga n’amahugurwa no gufungura za ambasade.
Ntihavuzwe niba amasezerano yo gutabarana ari mu yumvikanyweho na leta z’ibihugu byombi. Dr Christopher Kayumba ukuriye ishyaka RPD ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi mu Rwanda avuga ko iby’amasezerano u Rwanda rwagiranye na Mozambique agendanye no gutabarana bitazwi neza.
Ishyaka Rwandese Platform for Democracy (RPD) – ritarandikwa mu yemewe n’amategeko – ryabajije inteko ishingamategeko niba izi iby’amasezerano yashingiweho, niba kandi byarasobanuriwe Abanyarwanda.
Amategeko abivugaho iki?
Niba amasezerano agendanye no gutabarana ari mu yumvikanyweho, amategeko mu Rwanda avuga iki ku kohereza ingabo mu kindi gihugu?
Umunyamateko Faustin Murangwa Bismarck avuga ko ubusanzwe “amasezerano hagati y’ibihugu ahinduka nk’itegeko mpuzamahanga”.
Ku bireba u Rwanda, avuga ko itegekonshinga rivuga ko amasezerano leta igirana n’ibindi bihugu amenyeshwa akanemezwa n’inteko ishingamategeko.
Ati: “Iyo igihugu kigiranye n’ikindi amasezerano yo gutabarana bicishwa imbere y’inteko ishingamategeko ikabyemeza, ni ukuva ngo iyo ibyemeje iba ibizi ko igihe icyo ari cyo cyose igihugu gishobora gutabara cyangwa gutabarwa n’icyo bifitanye amasezerano.”
Mu cyumweru gishize BBC yasabye inteko ishingamategeko gusubiza bimwe mu byibazwa ku masezerano n’amategeko ku iyoherezwa ry’ingabo z’u Rwanda muri Mozambique, ntiyasubiza.
Muri Mozambique, amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi yanenze koherezwayo kw’ingabo z’u Rwanda, kwatangajwe na Perezida Nyusi ku munsi zahagereyeho.
Ossufo Momade, ukuriye ishyaka Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO), yabwiye radio mpuzamahanga y’Abafaransa RFI ko kuhagera kw’ingabo z’u Rwanda bitakurikije amategeko.
Bwana Momade, yavuze ko usibye kuba byarabatunguye, bitanaciye mu nteko ishingamategeko nk’uko biteganywa n’itegekonshinga ryabo.
‘Kuki twishyura kandi Mozambique ikize kuturusha?’ – Kayumba
Umuvugizi w’ingabo z’u Rwanda Col Ronald Rwivanga yabwiye BBC ko u Rwanda ari rwo ruzishyura ikiguzi cy’ibikenewe n’ingabo zoherejwe muri Mozambique.
Avuga ko iki gikorwa ari umuhate wo kurwanya iterabwoba no kurengera abasivili ahantu hose bashobora kuba bari mu kaga.
Mu butumwa bwanditse, Col Rwivanga avuga kandi ko iyo ‘mission’ idafite igihe runaka izamara, ati: “Tuzabanza turangize akazi tubone kugaruka mu rugo.”
Umusesenguzi Joseph Hanlon ukurikirana cyane Mozambique, yanditse ko ingabo z’u Rwanda “zatojwe cyane, zifite inararibonye n’ikinyabupfura kandi zakora akazi vuba kurusha ingabo z’ibihugu byinshi.”
Christopher Kayumba yabwiye BBC ko ubushake bwo gufasha Mozambique ari ikintu cyiza, ariko “ingabo zoherejwe mu gihe ibibazo byinshi bitarabazwa ngo bisubizwe”.
Ati: “Ikibazo cya mbere gikomeye buri wese yibaza, n’inteko ishingamategeko yakwiye kwibaza, ni ikijyanye n’inyungu z’u Rwanda mu kohereza ingabo zacu muri Mozambique. Inyungu mu buryo bufatika.
“Urabizi ko intambara ihenda, none ni iki u Rwanda ruzungukira mu koherezayo ingabo, ni iki tubuze aka kanya mu bijyanye n’inyungu zacu tugiye kurengera hariya.”
Kayumba avuga ko bafite impungenge z’uko mu gihe ubukungu bw’u Rwanda buhagaze nabi, “kongeraho uwo mugogoro wo kurwana intambara yo muri Mozambique ni ikintu kizatuma ubukungu bwacu bugwa kurushaho.”
Ati: “Kuki igihugu cyacu ari cyo cyishyura kandi Mozambique ari yo ikize kuturusha? Ese ayo masezerano avuga yuko wakohereza ingabo ariko ntuzishyirireho igihe zizamarayo?
Avuga ko inteko ishingamategeko niba izi iby’ayo masezerano bayisabye gusubiza ibyo bibazo, n’ibindi “kugira ngo Abanyarwanda tubimenye”.
‘Ibyago’ n’ibyiza bibirimo
Onesphore Sematumba, umusesenguzi wa politiki yo mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari wo mu ishyirahamwe International Crisis Group (ICG), avuga ko kohereza ingabo z’u Rwanda muri Mozambique birimo ibyago (risques/risks) n’ibyiza ku bihugu byombi.
Ati: “Igihugu cyohereje ingabo kiba kigiye ku butaka butazwi n’izo ngabo. Ni ukuvuga kiba gifite ‘risques’ z’uko kigiye kurwana intambara itari iya cyo, ku butaka kitazi, ku baturage wenda bashobora no kubarwanya ku buryo bashobora no kuhatera icyubahiro cyabo.
“Indi ‘risque’ ni iya politike, kubona Mozambique itumiza u Rwanda ngo ruze ruyifashe byerekanye ko itagira intege za gisirikare zo kugarura umutekano yo ubwayo.”
Sematumba avuga ko nanone ibi ari intambwe kuri ibi bihugu mu kurwanya iterabwoba, no kwishakira ibisubizo.
Ati: “Twavuga ko Africa itangiye kwishakira ibisubizo idategereje ONU cyangwa andi mahanga ya kure nk’Ubufaransa n’andi mahanga.
“Ariko kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho bisaba ko ibihugu byishyira hamwe nta rwicyekwe.
“Dufate nk’urugero; kuki u Rwanda rwabaye urwa mbere gutabara kandi baturanye na Africa y’epfo? Kandi ari n’igihugu gikomeye gifite imbaraga no mu muryango wa SADC.
“Ni uko hari akantu k’urwicyekwe gatuma Abanyafrica batabasha kwishyira hamwe kugira ngo bashobore kurwanya ibibazo nk’ibyo bafite.”
Sematumba avuga kandi ko ikibazo cy’ubushobozi bucye bw’ibihugu bya Africa ari indi ngorane ituma gutabarana bitoroha hagati yabyo.
Ati: “Twese tuzi ko intambara cyangwa gucunga umutekano, no kujya kurwana hanze ari ibintu bisaba amafaranga menshi cyane.
“Ziriya ‘operations’ kugira ngo zibe koko ‘operations’ nyafrica ni uko Africa yashobora kwisuganya, kandi ndumva ibihugu byinshi bigitegereza hanze mu mahanga kugira ngo bikore za ‘operations’ nka ziriya.
“Tukibaza tuti ‘nka bariya basirikare b’u Rwanda ni nde uzabishyura? Ese ni u Rwanda? Ni Mozambique? Cyangwa ni Total [kompanyi y’ibitoro yo mu Bufaransa] nk’uko twumva ngo na yo ishobora kuba ifitemo inyungu ko Abanyarwanda bajyayo.”
Sematumba avuga ko ICG yizera ko intambara nka ziriya z’imbere mu gihugu “ntizikemurwa n’amasasu n’abasiriakre benshi bashowemo, ahubwo ni ingamba z’igihugu ku bibazo by’ubukungu n’imibereho mibi bituma abasore nka bariya bateza akaduruvayo.”