Shimoni n’umugi muri Kenya uzwi cyane kubera abakoroni b’abongereza n’ubuvumo bwakoreshwaga mu kubika abirabura mbere yuko babapakira mu mato babajyana mu bucakara iyo mu Burayi, Asia n’ Amerika bamaze gucuruzwa n’abarabu. Ubu buvumo bukaba busurwa n’abamukerarugendo benshi bukaba buherereye mu karere ka Shimoni.
Uretse ubu buvumo ariko hari ibindi bintu ba mukerarugendo basura muri aka karere harimo ishyamba rya Shimoni ndetse n’amafi cyangwa ibindi binyabuzima byinshi biba mu mazi ba mukerarugendo baba bashaka kureba akaba ariyo mpamvu nyamukuru icyicaro gikuru cya Kenya Wildlife Service kirinda ahantu hitwa Kisite-Mpunguti giherereye muri uyu mugi wa Shimoni.
Muri uyu mugi wa Shimoni hakaba hari ubuvumo aho abacakara b’abirabura babashyiraga mbere yuko baburiza amato bamaze kubagurisha bakabajyana iyo mu Buruyi, Asiya na Amerika. Iyo ugeze muri ubu buvumo nibwo uhita wumva uburyo abantu bamwe bagira umutima wa kinyamwasa kuko ubu buvumo burimo umwijima kandi burimo ubushyuhe burenze ukwemera mbese nta muntu wagobye kubamo.
Abirabura b’abacakara bafatwaga bagakurwa mu duce dutandukanye hafi y’ikiyaga cya Victoria na Uganda babajyanaga mu masoko bacuruzagamo abacakara iyo za Mombasa, Bagamoyo, Kilwa, Zanzibar na Pemba hanyuma bakoherezwa mu mahanga batwawe mu bwato, ibihugu bizwi babajyanagamo ni nka Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, India, China na Iran akenshi bakaba barashyiraga muri ubu buvumo twasuye i Shimoni bategereje amato babapakiragamo.
Muri 1857, inteko ishinga amategeko y’Ubwongereza yatoye itegeko mpuzamahanga rikuraho ubucuruzi bw’abacakara ariko muri Kenya icuruzwa ry’ubucakara ryavuyeho muri 1873. Impinduka yo kwamagana no gukuraho icuruzwa ry’abacakara mu Bwongereza ryatangiriye mu masengero y’abakirisito biturutse ku m’umumisiyoneri witwa David Livington wiboneye uburyo aba bacakara b’abaribura bafatwaga mbere yo koherezwa hanze ibi bikaba byaratumye abaturage mu Bwongereza bafashijwe n’amasengero kubyamagana no gusaba ko bihagarara.
Mu myaka ya 1870, Abongereza babashije kumvisha Sultan wa Zanzibar kwemera ko iri curuzwa ry’abacakara b’abirabura rihagarara. Iri hagarara mu gucuruza abacakara ryakuyeho igurishwa ry’abacakara bavaga cyangwa bajyanwaga muri Zanzibar kuburyo rimaze guhagarara uyu mujyi wa Shimoni wabaye nkuwibagiranye mw’icuruzwa ry’abacakara b’abirabura.
Iyo ugeze muri ubu buvumo ubonamo byinshi harimo ibyuma n’imigozi y’ibyuma bakoreshanga mukuzirika abirabura babaga bagomba gucuraza ngo badatoroka. Muri ubu buvumo hiberamo udusimba twinshi harimo uducurama tw’ubwoko bwinshi. Ubukerarugendo muri ubu buvumo babushinze umuryango wo muri ako karere ka Shimoni maze amafaranga ba mukerarugendo batanze agakoreshwa mu gufasha amashuri yo muri ako karere bahemba abarimu ndetse akanarihira amashuri abanyeshuri b’abakene. Ayo mafaranga kandi akoreshwa mu kugurira imiti ibitaro muri aka karere akanakoreshwa mu gufasha n’ibindi bikorwa bigirira akamaro abaturage.
Njye mpavuye nibajije impamvu ibihugu bya Africa bitajya bivuga ubu bunyamwasa bwakorewe abirabura bacurujwe bakajyanwa kuba abacakara. Ese niki tumariye aba bagenzi bacu bakorewe ibi bintu birenze ukwemera?