Ni ubwo ntari inzobere mu by’amateka y’aba bantu ariko hari ibyo nabumviseho, n’ibyo nababonyeho.
Navuze, bo mu Rwanda kuko no mu bihugu bidukijije barahavugwa.
Mu gihugu cya Uganda bivugwa ko habayo abahutu n’abatutsi bahagiye mu bihe bitandukanye ndetse n’impamvu zinyuranye. Bivugwa ko abahutu baho bihwanyije n’andi moko kuburyo batanahingutsa inkomoko yabo. Abatutsi bari i Bugande ntacyo mbavugwaho kuko kuva mu 1990 kugeza none n’ejo, amateka azabandikaho byinshi.
Muri RDC bivugwa ko haba abahutu hakaba n’abatutsi. Abahutu baho bafashe ubwenegihugu bwa Congo.
Abatutsi baho bamwe baba abanyekongo mu gitongo nimugoroba bakaba abanyarwanda bategereje igihe kiza cyo kuba abanyekongo ari nako banyunyuza u Rwanda. Muri TZ nta makuru yaho numvise ku bahutu uretse abahahungiye mu 1994. Abo numvise ni abatutsi bari barahungiyeyo kera kdi bamerewe neza mu muryango mugari w’aba TZ kuko numvise hari abavuga ko bari bafite uburayira. Byaje guhinduka batangiye gukotana kugeza aho umuvumo wa FPR ubakozeho mu myaka yashize bakabirukana nabi imbokoboko ngo baze kubaho mu bukene ntangere.
Haba Uganda, haba TZ, haba Congo, nyuma ya 1994, abatutsi bamaze gutaha, hari n’abatigeze bataha, bifuje gusubira mu bihugu bavuyemo. Ariko ntibyagenze neza cyane kuko muri TZ hari abirukanwe yemwe no muri congo muribuka inka hafi ibihumbi cumi zagaruwe mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’itsindwa rya M23. Kimwe n’abafungiye mu nkambi z’impunzi, aho bamwe mu gitondo baba abanyarwanda bagahabwa n’imirimo nimugoroba bakaba abanyekongo. Abari batuye muri Uganda ubu nabo amakuru yabo si meza. Umuvumo wa FPR urabagera amajanja.
Igihugu cy’u Burundi cyo ni umwihariko kuko mu moko akigize habamo abahutu n’abatutsi kdi bahuje amarira. Abahutu bavuga ko bishwe ku ntwaro zari ziyobowe n’abatutsi, abatutsi nabo bati muri icyo gihe badukorerye jenosidi, maze si ukurira bakabogoza bagambiriye ko bamwe bagirwa utumalayika twa Nyagasani, abandi abakozi ba Sekibi bakwiye ibihano ruhashya.
Muri Kenya naho havugwayo abanyarwanda bagiyeyo kera cyane, ntitubatindaho kuko nta makuru menshi mbafiteho uretse ayo mumvise mu bitangazamakuru.
Tugarutse ku Rwanda rero reka turebe iby’ayo marira. Abatutsi bo Rwanda bavuga ko barenganye kuva mu 1959 kugeza mu mwaka wa 1994 wabaye karundura, aha twavuga nk’iyi myaka: 1959, 1962, 1973, 1990, 1994. Dufashe nk’umwaka wa 1959 mu marira yabo nta hantu na hamwe bavuga uruhare rubi rw’abatutsi bari ku ngoma ya cyami. Mu mwaka wa 1973 bavuga ko birukanwe mu mashuli ariko nta na hamwe bahingutsa ko hari abahutu cyane abanyenduga birukanwe mu mashuli icyo gihe. Iyi myaka 1990, 1994 ni imyaka mibi cyane ku banyarwanda, cyane abatutsi. Ariko igitanganza cyane kdi kikababaza ni ukuntu abatutsi ubwabo bahishira uruhare rwa benewabo mu byabaye byose,aho bagize uruhare ruziguye n’urutaziguye muri buri kintu cyose cyatubayeho. Ibi simbivugiye kugira uwo nkomeretse cg gupfobya jenosidi yakorewe abatutsi, ariko mu bariho kdi dukuze kuva nu 1990 ntawe uyobewe uruhare rwa FPR mu kubiba urwango gatanyamiryango kdi gashozamahano, no mu bwicanyi bwayo bugikomeza n’uyu munsi. Ariko, uretse bake, nabo batangiye vuba, abatutsi bakomeje kurira bati abahutu ni abicanyi, biri mu maraso yabo n’abazabakomokaho, ni abagome, ni ibisambo by’ibinyandanini. Hari n’abagera kure bati ni ibicucu kdi ntibazi kwihangana ngo banambe.
Ibi byose ntawabyemeza ko ari ukuri. Bibaye ari nabyo ntibyaba ari umwihariko wa bamwe. Kuva mu 1990 kugeza none twiboneye neza ko , binyuze muri FPR, abatutsi (bamwe) ari abagome, ari abicanyi bakomeye kdi ari ibisambo by’ibinyandandini, byica, bigacura n’ababo. Amazina twababoneye ni aya: Bangamwabo, interahamwe z’ubundi bwoko, abarishagitiyo. Ariko ibi byose ntibibabuza kurira, ikigenderewe ari kimwe: kubona umuhutu agerekwaho ibibi byose byo ku isi, umututsi agakenyera kdi akitera akenda kera nk’intore z’Uhoraho.
Inyangamugayo zo muri bo FPR yazisabye gufunga umunwa (uretse umubyeyi umwe n’umugabo umwe ndibugarukeho). Ntawe ushobora guhamya, ntacyo yikanga cg atari inyungu za Politiki, ko mu bihe by’ingorane hari abahutu babanambyeho, bakabakomeraho bamwe bakabizira cg se ko hari igihe bari bamerewe neza kuruta uyu munsi.
Mvuze inyungu za Politike kubera impamvu zinyuranye. Mwese muzi ibya hoteli mille collines n’ibyahabaye, muzi abantu bagiye bahimbira ababahishe ibyaha, bamwe bakicwa abandi bagafungwa. Muzi abatutsi bafunzwe cg bishwe kuko bagiriye impuhwe abahutu barenganaga bagashaka no kubarengera. Hari abantu ubu bapfuye, bafunzwe cg bazerera amahanga kdi bazwiho gusa kurengera abatutsi ndetse bamwe muri abo batutsi bakaba ubu bakomeye mu butegetsi. Muri abo hari abagira bati mubo twahishe hari abari bazi gahunda mbi za FPR.Twibukiranye ko uriya mubyeyi Agata Uwilingiyimana wagizwe intwari hari uwashatse gushinga ishyaka arimwitiriye ariko FPR yaramwangiye. Ikindi ni amakuru nabwiwe n’umwe mu batutsi utunze ibyavuzwe na madame Agata i Cyangugu aho avuga yemeza ko iyo aza kuba ariho yari gufungwa. Bityo rero ibyavugwa cg ibyakorwa byiza na FPR ku bahutu ntibyakwemerwa nk’ukuri kuzahoraho cg ngo bigire imvo z’urukundo.. Iyo barira ntibahingutsa izina ry’uwishwe arengana, ufunzwe cg uzerera nta mpamvu, bavuga iby’akababaro kabo n’ubugome bw’abandi.
Ku rundi ruhande abahutu bavuga ko barenganye cyane mbere ya 1959, mu gihe kinini cy’ingoma ya cyami. Ibyakozwe biba mu bitabo by’amateka uzabishaka azabibona. Ndetse no muri uriya mwaka wa 1959 hari abavuga ko ako karengane kari kakiriho ndetse hari abakaguyemo ariko bikarangira bigaranzuye abatutsi. Ni nayo mpamvu mu marira y’abahutu byitwa imvururu zo muri 1959, ariko FPR mu marira yayo ikabyita intangiriro ya jenosidi ku batutsi.
Nyuma y’ihirikwa rya repubulika ya mbere abahutu batangiye kurira imbusane. Ku kibazo cy’abahutu n’abatutsi hajeho n’icy’abakiga n’abanyenduga. Batangira andi marira, ariko buri gihe buri wese ashaka kwigira mwiza no kwanduza mugenzi we. Namenye ubwenge, nibura kugeza mu 1990 ikibazo cy’abahutu n’abatutsi ntakizi, ariko icy’abakiga n’abanyenduga nari nkizi cyane, ku isonga nari nzi Aloyizi Nsekalije. Ariko na none abo twitaga abakiga ni Abanyagikongoro, Abanya Kibuye, Gisenyi, Ruhengeli, Bumba ni agace ko mu Marangara. Aho hose twari tuzi ko nta batutsi bahaba kdi banga abatutsi bakanga abanyenduga. Ibi nabyo bibereke ukuntu ko ibyo tuzi cg twemera bishobora no kuba atari ukuri. Mu bihe byashize hari umusore w’Umunya Kibuye wambwiye ko atari azi ko i Gitarama na Butare haba abahutu. Ubwo bwari ubwa 2 numva bene ibyo bintu. Ngurwo u Rwanda.
Kuva mu 1990, nibwiye ko abanyarwanda biyunguye ubwenge bagiye kuvugurura uburyo bwabo bwo kurira: abari hanze bishyize hamwe barenga ko ari abega, abanyiginya,…. Abo mu migi no mu nkambi, abize n’abatize. Bati turatashye tugiye kubaka u Rwanda rushya kdi rwiza, ariko bari bibitseho imitego mitindi itaratinze kubashibukana no kubatamaza kuva taliki ya 3/10/1990 kugeza ubu.
Abari mu gihugu nabo,mu budasa bwabo bashinze amashaka ngo bazane demokarasi no kwishyira ukizana, bibagirwa ko bamwe ari MDR, abandi ari MRND, abahutu n’abatutsi, abanyenduga n’abakiga. Ntibyatinze nabo inyubako zabo zitwarwa n’isuri kuko imfatiro zazo zitasumwe n’abubatsi b’abahanga.
Byaranze rero umubyeyi aricwa abantu barapfa, inyito y’ubwo bwicanyi n’ababigizemo uruhare byakomeje guteza impaka ari nako bituma abahutu n’abatutsi barira imbusane kdi umwe wese ashaka kuba umwere naho mugenzi we akaba umugome ruharwa ndetse agacibwa mu bantu.
Ntabwo navuga ko abahutu cg abatutsi biriza. Oya. Ahubwo bafite ikibariza. Ikibazo nibaza, ni nde ukwiye kurira cyane kurusha undi? Ni nde uzabahoza?
Uwo mukino wo kurushanwa kurira no kugaragaza umubabaro sindibuwinjiremo. Ahubwo reka tujye kuwabahoza. Impamvu ntinjiye muri ayo marira.
Imibare y’abamaze gushyingurwa mu nzibutso igiye kugera hafi 2,000,000, abarokotse 400,000 abishwe hafi 800,000. Iyi mibare ubwayo ihishe byinshi. Nta na hamwe nibura harerekanywa imibiri y’abahitanywe n’ibikorwa by’intambara. Aha nanze kuvuga ibindi muzi. Ariko turarira tubogaza.
Abatutsi bibwiraga ko umwami azabacyura akabasubiza ubutware, byanze ikizere bagishyira muri FPR yewe n’abari mu yandi mashyaka nka PL na PSD burya FPR niyo bari bahanze amaso, ubu bageze muri RNC, FLN n’itabaza n’abandi.
Abahutu bizigiye MDR Parmehutu, MRND kugeza aho basandariye mu dushyaka twinshi ari nako bizera na FPR.
Byarangiye bibonye hanze bateze amakiriro kuri FDLR nayo batakwiriyemo. Ariko ntibahwemye kurira biyibagiza ibibatanya ubwabo, bakomeza kurira bashakisha umwanzi wabo. Ubu bamwe bari gukeza umwami uganje i Kigali abandi bahanze amaso FLN, FDLR na P5 ari nako barira umwe umwe ukwe, undi ukwe, babogoza.
Koko rero sinabuza ubabaye kurira. Ariko kuki abantu bakomeza kwihugika bakarira bonyine. Ni nde uri hasi ni ni umututsi, ni nde uri hejuru ni umuhutu, ni nde uri hasi ni umuhutu ni nde uri hejuru ni umututsi….. Yavutu, ya vutu, uzongere shaa. Si mwe mwatumaze….amarira agatemba..
Mwitege ikigiye kuba.
FPR mu marira yayo yaje ivuga ko bahimbye amazina yo gupfobya abatutsi ngo babone uko babamara. Barimo biteganyiriza gushinga ubutegetsi buzamara imyaka 100.
Ubwo basumbirijwe bahisemo inzira y’abakera: gutukana.
Mwigeze kumva inyenzi zifite imirizo n’amatwi atendera,
Ubu turumva useless, abanyamavunja, ingegera, imiyugiri, ibirohwa, ibigarasha… Gukubura…
Ariko bararira babogoza.
Erega shenge ntibitangiye ubu. Rimwe mu biganiro by’imbuto fondation Porotazi Mitali yagize ati biragaragara ko muri imbuto zatoranyijwe, mujye mushaka inziri na za kimari zibameramo muzirandure. Abo yitaga urwiri cg Kimali ni abantu.
Ariko bararira ko bahimbwe amazina.
Koko rero nabujije FPR kujya iririra abacu bishwe kuko itari mu mwanya mwiza wo kubikora.
Umwe mu batutsi bari hanze kandi wari ukomeye muri FPR agira ati: tukiri hanze ntawikanganga urupfu, ubu turatinya gupfa duhotowe, turashwe cg turozwe. Ibyo byose ntibibuza kurira babogoza bashakira nyirabayazana ahandi.
Umwe mu batutsi bari mu gihugu yagize ati: twari tumeze neza twubashwe, twaje kubafasha nk’abavandimwe ngo mutahe, abo twari kumwe sibo bampfakaje, ni mwe ( batusi, bene wacu)
Ibyo nabyo ntibitubuza kurira tubogoza dushakira kure yacu abicanyi b’abagome kdi batari kure.
Icyo abahutu n’abatutsi bibagiwe ni uko mbere y’uko baba uko bibona, ari abanyarwanda, bityo abapfuye ni abanyanyarwanda mbere y’uko baba abahutu cg abatutsi.
U Rwanda nirwo rwapfushije, rupfusha abishe, rupfusha n’ababishe.
Kwihugikana amarira, uretse kuba binyuranye n’umuco ariko binahishe akabi kabishye abantu bakwiye kwitega guhangana nako.
Ese iyo miyugiri itazi kudwinga , ese abo banyamavunja bagenda batambitse ibirenge b’ingegera cg abo baterabwoba ( abataye umutwe kdi bashavujwe n’uko imyaka 100 iburijwemo nibo babita ayo mazina, sijye) baba hari hari icyo amateka yabigishije ku buryo bafite gahunda yo yo kwita ku bikomere bya buri wese dugatangira igihe gishya cyahanuwe na Maritini Luteri, aho aho tuzabona uduhungu duto n’udukobwo duto tw’abahutu n’abatutsi dufatanye mu biganza tugenda turirimba umudendezo, umudendezo, twese hamwe tugashyirwa muri gacaca, muri gerereza hamwe, mu Rugwiro hamwe… Ibanga ry’igihugu rikaba iryacu ahi kuba iry’abahutu cg iry’abatutsi, tukaririra hamwe.
Ntihazongere kumvika buri mwaka ngo urubyiruko rw’abasore b’abatutsi barokotse bahuye n’abayobozi bakomeye b’igihugu ariko imyaka ikaba ibaye 25 sindumva aho bahuriye n’abasore b’abahutu ukwabo.
Ntituzongere kumva bivugwa ngo umubare w’abatutsi barokotse n’uyu abize bageze ku ruhe rugero (s6, ibyiciro binyuranye bya kaminuza), ababonye akazi ni bande, abatarakabona ni bande. Ibi si bibi ubwabyo. Ariko ubisesenguye neza iryo barurishamibare wasanga ririmo ivangura kuko ridakorerwa mu bice byose by’abanyarwanda. Uko biteye mu mahame y’abarokotse, ufite akazi afite inshingano yo gushakira abandi akazi.
Naho mu bandi batutsi basigaye ikibazo ni iki kanaka cg mwene kanaka bahembwe iki? Bahawe iki.
Gusa ibi sinakwemeza ko bigikora neza kubera isubiranamo ry’abatutsi ubwabo , ariko murabona neza ko amarembo yari avunguye kuri bamwe adadiwe ku bandi.
Koko rero birababaje kubona abahutu n’abatutsi barashyizwe mu bihe bibi bibatera kurira. Ariko uburyo bikorwamo bukenewe kunozwa, bukubahisha buri wese , ntibigire uwo bitera ipfunwe cg ngo
bitume abantu baheranwa n’amateka
Leta nireke abantu basezere kandi basezerere ababo, biruhukire, nabo bajye mu byubaka igihugu.
Paul Louis Rukara