Mbaje gushima Imana yaturinze twese mu bihe bikomeye byatambutse itwigaragariza mu bihe nkibi tukibasha kuzamura amashimwe n’ubu ikaba ikiturambuyeho ibiganza byayo kuko iri kuruhande rwacu.
Bavandimwe nshuti nkunda,basangirangendo duhuriye mu mwuga w’itangazamakuru, mu nyemerere mashimire mbikuye k’umutima uyu munsi kuwa kabiri takiya 25 Kamena 2019 imyaka itandatatu iratambutse mvuye k’umurunga w’uburoko bw’itangazamakuru,inzira y’inzitane y’ubwisanzure no gutanga ibitekerezo, inzira yanyerekeje murugi rwa Gereza ya Nyarugenge 1930 nkahamara iminsi 1075 ndi kwiga, n’isuzuma, mu nzira y’ububabare bukomeye aho na kwita mu mpinga ya mbaze nde, iriya minsi yo guca bugufi, mu nyota y’ubutabera nari nsangiye nabo nahasanze bo bahamaze iminsi ikubye iyanjye inshuro icumi ku mpamvu zinyuranye twasangiye umubabaro, dusangira umurongo w’ubwiherero, n’ubwogero 5 kubagore 800, dusangira,ibiheri n’agahinda , bamwe bazindukira muri ni bature mu matorero atandukanye ariko abenshi bakagira bati Mana ndaje kuko bifuzaga ko Imana yakira gutaka kwabo n’isengesho ry’ubuhingiro, n’amaganya menshi Imana yakomeje kubarinda kandi inabafashe kwihana kubicuza ibyo bakoze bafite Umutima umenetse.
Bavandimwe , Nshuti Nkunda umunsi nkuyu ku itakiki nk’iyi ya 25 kamena 2013 – 5 Kamena 2019 imyaka itandatu irashize, ngarutse gushimira mwebwe mwese buri wese k’uruharerwe, cyangwa mwese muri rusange cyagikorwa mwankoreye mu kamfata akaboko nkava ibuzimu nkajya ibuntu,uyu munsi iyo ataba ari mwebwe Imana yakoresheje mba nkiri mu bwigunge , ndabizirikana kandi ndabashimiye, ndabizi ko mbafitiye umwenda k’umutima hari icyo muntegerejeho, ndetse n’Imana hari icyo yabikoreye, hari benshi uyu munsi batariho, twahuriraga mu mwuga w’Itangazamakuru, hari abahunze yewe hari n’abari mu gihugu twese tudahuje amahirwe ariko twese turangamiye ubwisanzure mu bitekerezo ndetse no gutera intambwe mu mibereho ya buri munsi, bityo rero abamfashe akaboko ndabashimira buri wese mu cyubahiro cye no munshingano ze.
Abantu benshi bakunze ku mbaza bati ese nyuma y’isomo rishaririye ry’iminsi 1075 uyu munsi ugezehe mu itangazamakuru, ubwisanzure , gutanga ibitekerezo, yewe no mubuzima busanzwe
Ngarutse rero kurugendo nagenze muri iyi myaka 6 n’ujuje mvuye k’umurunga w’itangazamakuru, uyu musi icyo tugomba kumenya nuko imibereho y’abanyamakuru ikomeye kuri bamwe abandi banezerewe ndavuga nk’abakora mu bigo bya leta bahembwa make ariko bakayabonera igihe, bagira ubwiteganyirize bw’abakozi, bakavuzwa abandi bakabona amahugurwa aba batandukanye n’abanyamakuru ba nyamwigendaho bari mu bigo by’igenga aho hamwe na hamwe bagomba guhiga giti nayo yabaye ingume, bakirirwa bakomanga ku miryango y’aamahoteli akomeye cyangwa babaririza niba hari ahateraniye inama , aba bahuriye kuri uyu musonga kandi buri wese n’uburemere bwawo kuko ntawufasha undi.
Abanyamakuru mu Rwanda muriho mute ? Reka mbamare amatsiko : Mpereye ku buzima bwa buri munsi ubuzima n’inkigare unyonga ahazamuka ukavunika, wagera ahamanuka ukihuta ryahagarara bati igare rye Imana yamuteguriye niryo, ugataha mu buzima bworoshye, ugasiga ubutunzi butari buguherekeze, ugasiga umuryango bagasigarara barira, ejo nabo igihe kikazagera bagataha, iyo utashye muri ubwo buryo bavuga bati nubwo agiye yari yararohewe m’ubuzima.
Iyo igare ryawe rero warizamutseho ahaterera waranyonze ugatinda mu nzira bigeza n’ubwo urivuyeho ugasunika, ngubwo ubuzima nanyuzemo muri ya nzira y’inzitane, ariko uko byagenze kose wa musozi narawumutse kuwa hari kuwa 25 kamena 2013.
ntangira urundi rugend o rungejeje uyu munsi taliki ya 25 kamena 2019 ndimo kubashimira mwese. ubuzima bugusaba kwiyakira ugaterera ukaruha wagera ahamanuka ukiruhutsa byose ukabifashwamo n’inhuti, abavandimwe, bahafi n’abakure mu ngeri zose . ugashima uti ndiho ku bwawe Mana.
Itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda hari ibigeragezwa gukorwa mu rwego rw’amategeko kandi n’ibyo gushomwa.
Amategeko arebana n’ubwisanzure bw’itagazamakuru yaravuguruwe aho amwe yavanywe mu gitabo cy’amategeko ahana ibyaha mu Rwanda agashyirwa mu mboneza mubano. aha naboneraho gushimira by’umwihariko Ishyirahamwe ry’Aabanyamukuru mu Rwanda A.R.J kuko rwitwaye neza ntirwahwemye kugaragaza ibibazo biri mu Itangazamakuru,kandi byatanze umusaruro nubwo ntabyera ngo de kuko kubishyira mu bikorwa ari ikindi kibazo.
Ubwisanzure umuntu niwe ubwiha, ntabwo wajya gupfukama cyangwa gutakambira umuntu ngo nagusabaga kumpa uburenganzira bwo kwisanzura cyane ko atazi ibyo utekereza, niyo wabimubwira mudatekereza kimwe kubyo ushaka kuvuga, ahantu umuntu ushobora guhuriza nundi ni mumva ya m2 kuri 2 kuko izina hose hitwa mu mva, aho rwose ntagushidikanya ube umukire ,umukene, umugore,umugabo, umwana, ukijijwe, ube umupagani, mu itorero urimo, bayubakishe amakaro bashyieho gusa byitwa kaburi imva.ube soldat cyangwa general abantu bose bahuriramo kandi haracecetse ntakwijujuta kubayo. aho niho hari ubwisanzure.
mu bwisanzure bwa buri munsi ubutumwa utanga ntibwakirwa kimwe biterwa nuwo bireba, abe k’ubutegetsi abe aburwanya, ikingenzi nuko itangazamakuru ryagombye gukura ,rikaba umuvugizi w’abaturage, no kwereka Leta aho bitagenda ngo bikosorwe, rikaba umuhuza hagati y’abafite ibyo badahuza , itangazamakuru ntirikwiye kujya muri propaganda za politiki ubwo riba ritakaje inshingano z’ubwisanzure .
Ntabwo twahakana ko harimo inzitizi kuko uwo wanditseho ibitagenda agushakira imitego iyo ari umunyabubasha, yewe bamwe mu banyamakuru hari inkuru batakwemererwa gutangaza bitewe n’umrongo igitangaza makuru akorera gifite cyangwa nyiracyo.
Gutanga ibitekerezo: tugarutse mu rwego rwo gutanga ibitekerezo, reka turebe ubitanga n’uwo abiha, nubwo igisubizo kijya gusa nibijyanye n’ubwisanzure, utanga ibitekerezo kuko w’igenga, kandi ntabwo wakwigenga mu bitekerezo uri umukene uteze intoki ko bagufungurira, utegereje guhabwa amabwiriza kuko ubinyuze iruhande imbehe yawe irubama .
IBitekerezo kubanyamakuru bo mu Rwanda haraho bigomba kugera. urugero aho umunyamakuru yatangira igitekerezo kimvikana n’ukaibwira nyirubwite aka gikosora, hagerwa n’abake bintoranwa aha ingero zuko bidashoboka ni nyinshi,.
ubwacu turizitira abaturage bakadutakariza icyizere bamwe mu banyamakuru bakoresha ububasha bahabwa n’ikarita bahawe bakabigira igikangisho kubafitanye amakimbirane, ndafata urugero rwa hafi rwo muri ADEPR amatiku n’ubusumbane byarimo byatijwe umurindi n’itangzamakuru, byabaye ibikoresho by’abigererayo kandi basumbayanya amafaranga. ubutunzi bwabo bukoreshwa mugesenya itorero ry’Imana barahunga abandi barafungishanya n’ubu rurageretse.
aha rero iyo ukennye ukoreshwa n’ukurusha ubushobozi ubwisanzure bukabura.
imbogamizi ihanitse mu bwisanzure mu itangazamakuru n’inzego ziriyobora nazo ubwazo zitagira ubuzima gatozi ngo zibashe gufata ibyemezo, ibi kandi bigatera ingaruka zikomeye kubagomba gukemura ibibazo bagezwaho;ndafata ingero ebyiri gusa : hashize iminsi mu Rwanda hari urwego baringa rwitwa Rwanda Media Commission rwahawe inshingano zo kuba umuhuza hagati y’abanyamakuru n’abaturage, uru rwego rufite ikibazo gikomeye mu bwisanzure , kuko rwananinwe no kwigira inama kandi rufite abakozi, n’ubushobozi ruhabwa na Leta ,ubu bwo mbyanditse ndaba nkuciye inka amabere, ariko ni byiza ko rubona ko hari abafite icyo barutekereza ariko by’umwihariko Leta ibisome inabyumve ko binyuze muri R.G.B igiye gusenya itangazamakuru burundu kandi bizatera ingaruka abagenzura RGB bawziye gufata umwanzuro.
RBG yasobanurira gute ukuntu Rwanda Media Commission yashyizweho, igahabwa ubushobozi, abakozi n’ibikoresho, igatora Komite, igahabwa abakomeseri barimo abanyamategeko, yewe hakiyongeraho Mme Ingabire Marie Immaculé e tumenyereye ko atazi kurya iminwa mu kuvugisha ukuri, akuriye Transparency Rwanda uru rwego R.G.B ikarwima ikanarwisha ubuzima gatozi ? RGB izi neza ko R.M.C ari urwego baringa ruriho gusa ku bw’igitinyiro ngo ni Leta yarushyizeho, rudafite ububasha bwo kugira iikibazo rukemura kuko nta bubasha rufite rukora nk’insengero zitemewe!
ukuri nyako nuko kuba R.M.C idafite ubuzima gatozi biyitera igisuzuguriro, abayiyobora n’abayikorera bagafata umushahara bagataha kuko ibyemezo byabo ntibikurikiza amategeko kuko ni urwego baringa rwo gukanga abanyamakuru ngo wikora iki !wambuza gute kwigenga mfite uruhushya rwo gukora mbaza gusaba muri RGB TIN ngahabwa permis de travai na RURA ari nayo rwego rwonyine rufite ububasha bwo guhagarika igitangazamakuru.
– Urugero rwa hafi n’ibyemezo byafatiwe AMZING yaheze mu gihirahiro ibura uwo baburana iratsindwa. Rwanda Media Commission niba itabashije kwivugira ikorera ,abanyamakuru ,ikanayoborwa n’abanyamakuru b’inararibonye wambwira aho ubwigenge buri,urwego rutinyuka gukora rutagira ibyangombwa,ibibazo nk’ibi byokutagira ubwigenge nibyo byatumye Fred Muvunyi ahunga, ndetse urwego yyoboraga ruba igitambo kuko yibeshye kunshingano, yirengagiza ko RMC aribaringa itagira itegeko riyishyiraho.
ntawajya kure ya Associtiation Rwandaise des Journalists navuze haruguru ko ubunyamabanga bwabo bukora neza, nayo ifite ikibazo utamenya impamvu kidakemuka, ubu imyaka ibiri irashize board yayo yaracyuye igihe, wasobanurira abayamakuru iki ukuntu ishyirahamwe ryabo imyaka ibiri ishize batagira komite nyobozi, aha niho ushingira uvugako ko ubwisanzure bw’itangazamkuru bugoye ndetse , butanashoboka mugihe n’amashyirahamwe yabo adashobora kwikorera ubuvugizi,ntihagire umunyamakuru uzamura ijwi ati ntitwarenganura abandi tutirenganuye.
Ngarutse rero ku bwisanzure no gutanga ibitekerezo ntabwo izi nzego zombi zagombye kugira inzitizi mu mikorere arizo nkingi ya mwamba ,urufatiro rw’itangazamakuru ngo hagire uhagrara kumaguru abiri yemeze ko ubwisanzure bugeze hejuru ya 80% kandi RGB ariyo kidobya , nireke itangazamakuru ryigenge, amashyirahamwe y’itangazamakuru ahabwe ubwinyagamburiro, ntatoranyirizwe abayobozi bavuga inyuti z’indagi zitagira inyajwi.
RMC niba igomba guhindura izina bikorwe ihabwe ubuzima gatozi, niba ari ishami rya Association Rwandaise des Journalistes bahuze ubuyobozi, nayo ishyireho komite nyobozi bigire inzira itangazamakuru rive mu bugwate bw’akajagari rikoreramo.
ibi bibazo biri mu mashyirahamwe y’itangazamakuru akenshi bikururwa nuko itagazamakuru utamenya ho ribarizwa ,rigenzurwa n’inzego nyinshi utamenya niba ari ukurikunda, cyangwa kuritinya no kuribibamo akajagari, aha usanga RURA ifite ijambo ryanyuma ku bitangazamakuru kuko ibiha uburengazira n’amabwiriza niyo itanga permis de travail ku bitangazamakuru bikorera mu Rwanda bitanabujije ko ari bimwe ibindi ari indakoreka ifite n’ububasha bwo kwambura uburenganzira igihe ishakiye ntawe igishishije inama kuko Rwanda Media Commission ni baringa.
RGB ntiwafungura igitangazamakuru udasabye TIN number bitabujije ko harimo ibihabwa inkuga abandi ntaruhare bazifiteho, badashingiye ko bikora cyangwa byibera mu muhanda yewe ntanokugenzura icyo izo nkunga zamaze kuko zitangirwa kuri telephone.
hakaza inama nkuru y’itagazakuru itanga amahugurwa ku banyamakuru batandukanye, bitavuze ko bamwe batishimira imikorere yabo , aho byaviriyemo mu bakozi ba MHC gusezerwa nyumayo gusanga baramunzwe na ruswa y’igitsina mu itangazamakuru n’imikoreshereze y’umutungo wa M.H.C.aba nabo bagenzurwa na RGB . Leta yameshe kamwe iyi RGB ikitwa Minisiteri y’Itangazamakuru nkuko yahozeho cyera. ikagira ibyo yica nibyo ikiza bikorerwa ahantu hamwe n’ubundi ntarwego rudasaba amasakaramentu muri RGB na Jean Mbanda wayo,bigaragara ko kwikorera ubuvugizi bigoye, wasobanura gute aho inzego z’itangazamakuru zikorera munzu zo gukodesh imyaka n’imyaniko mugihe umukuru w’igihugu yemereye abanyamakuru inyubako.
Hari abandi bagira uruhare rukomeye bakorera mu bwiru butanga amabwiriza z’itangazamakuru, umuntu ku giti cyangwa urwego uhereye , m’Urugwiro , inzego z’iperereza imbere n’inyuma y’igihugu, hakiyongeraho Polisi na RIB aho usanga umuvugizi wayo adatinya guha amabwiriza abanyamakuru ngo nibajye guhanagura imitwe y’inkuru bakoze cyangwa inkuru bakoze bazikure k’urubuga, uyu we nta natinya gutunga urutoki abanyamakuru adashaka ko bakurikira ibiganiro atanga.
Aho tugeze mu itangazamakuru, ubwisanzure, gutanga ibitekerezo, ndetse n’imibereho , nuko itangazamakuru bamwe mu barimo bariho nabi, abandi bararembye kubera kubura imibereho,bamwe bahisemo kwishora mu itangazamakuru ritagira controle nka Youtube na Facebooks ntibigira ubigenzura uretse kwirirwa badondanga(Click)kuri machine cyangwa telephone ngendanwa ngo abasomyi biyongere bagenerwe amadorali na bene imbuga nkoranyambaga.
ikindi umuntu atakwirengagiza nuko Rwanda Media Commission idashobora kubagenzura kuko youtube zabaye imbuga za propaganda,iyamamaza matwara ry’amashyaka anyuranye utamenya bene zo kandi zikaba zikorwaho,n’inzego zose nasobanuye haruguru yewe umenya harimo nizo n’ibagiwe.ubwo nibwo bwisanzure buvugwa cyangwa baririrmba?
Itangazamakuru uyu munsi nta murongo fatiro rifite niho usanga ibiganiro by’urukozasoni bitangwa n’ababyeyi, ukibaza aho tuva naho tugana, kandi bamwe bitwa ko ari abanyamakuru bakuze bakwiye kurera igihugu n’ejo hazaza.
ibibazo biri mw’itangazamakuru bizakemuka aruko hongeye guhuzwa inzego zirebna n’itangazamakuru, hanyuma ibigo birishamikiyeho bigakorerwa gahunda inoze yo guteza imbere itangazamakuru, kuko amafaranga koreshwa mu gukodesha amazu no guhemba abakozi, bakora bavunika batagira ubuzima gatozi imilimo bakora ari mpfabusa .
Ibyiza byakozwe birashimwa ariko ibigoramye nabyo n’ibikosorwe RGB ireke gutanga raporo zitekenitse ko itangazamakuru rigeze kumpuzandengo isaga 80% sibyo kuko iyo baje gukora sondage bagusaba kuzuza Form (mpapuro )ikaramu y’igiti (crayon )bisonanura ko iyo bagezeyo bahanagura bakandika ibyo bashatse, ntabwo itangazamakuru ryagera aho ngaho inzego zirivugira barazimye ubuzima gatozi, R.G.B yararitangatanze mu nzego zose kandi izo Commission zarashyizweho ihari itari mu butembere.
Ibi bizakemura n’ikibazo cy’itangwa ry’ibyangombwa ku banyamakuru b’abanyamahanga basiragizwa kugeza ubwo habaho kwinuba hagati y’Imiryango mpuzamahanga y’abanyamakuru ibarengera.
Harakabaho ubwisanzure, mu itangazamakuru no gutanga ibitekerezo nta nkomyi twubaka ejo hezaza harambye ,duhatranira guhindura isi nziza kuruta uko twayisanze.
Mukakibibi Saidati