Ihuriro ry’imiryango itandukanye iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Rwanda (Rwanda Civil Society Human Rights Alliance) ryagaragaje bimwe mu bikibangamiye uburenganzira bwa muntu mu gihugu, risaba ko hafatwa ingamba zigamije kubikemura.
Ababurirwa irengero, umushahara fatizo muto: Bimwe mu bibangamiye uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Rwanda.
Muri raporo y’iryo huriro ya mbere yasohotse muri uku kwezi, ryagaragaje ko mu Rwanda hari ibyakozwe mu kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu, gusa itunga agatoki ahakiri ibibazo isaba ko hongerwamo ingufu.
Bimwe mu bibazo bikomeye bibangamira uburenganzira bwa muntu byagaragajwe, harimo umushahara fatizo utajyanye n’igihe, abantu baburirwa irengero, ibibazo abari muri gereza n’ahandi hafungirwa abantu bahura nabyo, inda ziterwa abangavu, amategeko yemera gukuramo inda akirimo ibihato n’ibindi.
Iyi raporo yakomotse ku igenzura ryagiye rikorwa n’imiryango itegamiye kuri leta igize iryo huriro mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuzima bw’igihugu nk’ubukungu, imibereho myiza, umuco na politiki. Bibanze kandi ku byiciro byihariye nk’abagore, abana, abafite ubumuga, abimukira n’impunzi ndetse n’imfungwa.
Umushahara fatizo umaze imyaka isaga 40
Ihuriro ryagaragaje ko kimwe mu bikibangamiye uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Rwanda by’umwihariko abakozi, ari ugutinda kugena umushara fatizo ujyanye n’igihe, bigatuma hari abahabwa imishahara itajyanye n’ubuzima babayeho.
Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda haracyagenderwa ku itegeko rigena umushahara w’abakozi mu Rwanda ryo mu 1980, rigena amafaranga 100 nk’umushahara w’umukozi ku munsi.
Raporo igaragaza ko biteye inkeke kuba itegeko rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda ryaravuguruwe mu 2018, aho rivuga ku by’umushahara fatizo ariko ntirivuge ku ngano y’umushahara fatizo. Bavuze ko ibyo biteza urujijo kuko bidakemura ikibazo abakozi bakunze kugaragaza.
Ku bijyanye n’umurimo kandi, ihuriro ryatangaje ko rihangayikishije n’abagenzuzi b’umurimo mu turere bakora amagenzura y’uburyo amahame agenga umurimo yangizwa ariko urwego rw’imirimo itanditse ntirwitabweho. Bagaragaje ko mu bigo by’abikorera nta bugenzuzi bwimbitse bukorwa ku mutekano n’ubuzima bw’abahakora.
Basabye Leta gufata ingamba zigamije ishyirwaho ry’umushahara fatizo bijyanye n’imibereho y’abakozi, gufasha inzego zitandukanye mu kongerera abakozi ubushobozi haba muri Leta, abikorera n’abakora imirimo itanditse no gukingira urwego rw’abakora imirimo itanditse no kubarinda icyabahungabanya.
Ababurirwa irengero
Mu Rwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe ubugenzacyaha (RIB), hashyizweho agashami gashinzwe kwakira ibibazo by’abantu baburiwe irengero. Hagati ya Mutarama 2019 na Nzeri 2020, abantu 1301 bamenyekanishijwe muri RIB nk’ababuriwe irengero. Muri bo, 1124 bari abagabo mu gihe 177 bari abagore.
Icyakora ihuriro kandi ryagaragaje ko Guverinoma yakoresheje imbaraga mu gushaka abo bantu, bigatuma 1010 baboneka naho 291 kugeza muri Nzeri bari bataraboneka.
Basabye ko hongerwa imbaraga ku buryo mu Rwanda hatabaho ibibazo by’abantu baburirwa irengero, byanabaho hagakorwa iperereza ryimbitse bakaboneka. Basabye ko abataraboneka bashakishwa bakaboneka vuba no kwita ku kwemeza burundu amasezerano mpuzamahanga agenga abantu baburiwe irengero.
Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa RIB, Col Ruhunga Jeannot aherutse kuvuga ko ikibazo cy’abantu baburirwa giterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye.
Ati “Iyo umuntu adatashye mu rugo bagira impungenge, bakagana RIB, duhura nabyo buri munsi. Tubona abantu benshi bavuga ko babuze ababo ku mpamvu nyinshi, hari ugorobereza ahantu, hari abahunga amadeni, hari abajya gupagasa ntibavuge. Hari abana b’abangavu, bajya mu tubyiniro babona bwije bakanga gutaha iwabo. Hari ababura gutyo ariko bakaboneka nyuma y’igihe gito, bamwe bamara igihe abandi bakabura.’’
Ibihato mu itegeko ryo gukuramo inda
Mu 2018 nibwo itegeko ryo gukuramo inda ryavuguruwe rikurwamo kubanza kugaragaza icyemezo cy’urukiko. Byatumye umubare w’abahawe iyo serivisi kuva icyo gihe wiyongera, bagera ku 150 000 kugeza mu 2020.
Nubwo hari bimwe byavanywemo, raporo y’iri huriro yagaragaje ko hakirimo ibihato bituma hari abatabona uburenganzira bwabo bwo gukuramo inda nko kuba abataruzuza imyaka 18 basabwa kujyana n’ababyeyi babo, kuba muganga (mu bitaro) ari we wenyine itegeko riha ububasha bwo gukuramo inda, kuba hari abagifungirwa gukuramo inda n’ibindi.
Basabye ko ibyo byavugururwa, nibura umwana ufite guhera ku myaka 12 watewe inda akaba afite impamvu ivugwa mu itegeko ituma ashaka kuyikuramo, yajya yemererwa kuyikuramo nta nkomyi.
Gukuramo inda bitari icyaha bibaho iyo byakozwe kubera impamvu zirimo; kuba utwite ari umwana; kuba uwakuriwemo inda yarakoreshejwe imibonano mpuzabitsina ku gahato; kuba uwakuriwemo inda yarayitwaye nyuma yo kubanishwa n’undi nk’umugore n’umugabo ku gahato.
Mu bindi bibazo byagaragajwe bibangamiye uburenganzira bwa muntu harimo nko kuba muri za gereza hagaragara ubucucike, kuba abagore bafungirwa muri sitasiyo za RIB bagorwa no kubona ibikoresho by’isuku kimwe n’abafite abana, kuba hari aho muri sitasiyo za RIB abana bafungirwa hamwe n’abantu bakuru n’ibindi.
Iri huriro kandi ryarebye ku bibazo byahungabanyije uburenganzira bwa muntu mu gihe cya Coronavirus mu Rwanda, ryerekana ko hari ibibazo byagaragaye nko kuba nubwo ubutabera bwarakomeje gutangwa hagaragaye ibibazo by’ikoranabuhanga byatumaga hari ibitagenda neza, kuba amashuri yarafunze hakagaragara icyuho hagati y’abana bo mu mijyi no mu byaro mu bijyanye no gukomeza gusubiramo amasomo. Ibyo bijyana n’icyuho hagati y’abana biga mu bigo byigenga n’ibya Leta.
Bavuze ko kandi hagaragaye ubwinshi bw’abantu bakeneye ibiribwa biyongeraho abatakaje akazi kandi ari ko bakuragaho amaramuko, kwiyongera kw’ibiciro n’ibindi.
Hagaragajwe ko mu itegeko ryo gukuramo inda mu Rwanda hakirimo ibihato (Photo: Amanda Fisher/Al Jazeera)
